| Judul | Optimalisasi Pembuatan Thermoplastik Elastomer Berbasis Karet Alam untuk Komponen Otomotif |
|---|---|
| Tahun | 2016 |
| Pelaksana | Ihda Novia Indrajati, MT Ir. Dwi Wahini Nurhajati, M.Eng Dr. Sc. Bidhari Pidhatika, ST, M.Sc Indiah Ratna Dewi, S.Si |
| Pembantu Pelaksana | - |
| Kata Kunci | thermoplastic elastomer, castor oil, selulosa, karet alam, polipropilena |
| Abstrak | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <div align="justify">Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) merupakan campuran antara termoplastik dan elastomer (karet), mempunyai sifat elastis seperti karet dan mampu diproses seperti material termoplastik. TPE yang dibuat berbasis karet alam (NR) dikenal sebagai TPNR. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formulasi dan teknologi proses TPE berbasis karet alam dan polipropilena dengan pemlastis maleated castor oil (MACO) dan penguat microfibrillar cellulose (MFC) yang dibuat dari serat daun nanas (PALF). TPE yang dihasilkan akan diaplikasikan untuk komponen otomotif. MACO disintesa dengan mereaksikan castor oil (CO) dengan maleat anhidrat (MAH) dengan bantuan xilena sebagai pelarut yang berfungsi sebagai selimut sistem. MFC dibuat dari serat daun nanas (PALF) produksi Subang, Jawa Barat. Perlakuan bertingkat dilakukan untuk memperoleh MFC dari PALF, meliputi pengecilan ukuran (grinding), perlakuan alkali, delignifikasi (bleaching), hidrolisa dengan asam sulfat 20% v/v dan perlakuan mekanik menggunakan ball mill dalam suasana asam (asam asetat glasial 1% v/v). TPE dibuat dengan metode vulkanisasi dinamik. Kompon NR dibuat secara terpisah menggunakan two roll mill. Akselerator yang digunakan dalam kompon NR divariasikan dengan basis MBTS, MBTS/DPG, CBS dan CBS/DPG. Pencampuran resin PP dengan kompon NR dilakukan dengan internal mixer Rheomix Polylab OS 3000. Proses pencampuran diawali dengan pencampuran PP dan MFC dan diikuti dengan kompon NR. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa MFC meningkatkan kekuatan sobek TPE, namun menurunkan tegangan putus dan perpanjangan putus. TPE yang dihasilkan bersifat semi kristalin, dimana adanya gaya tarik (tensile) menyebabkan sifat kristalin PP muncul. Titik leleh TPE sedikit lebih rendah daripada resin PP. Melt flow index (MFI) sampel TPE berkisar antara 3-9 g/10 menit, dimana penambahan serat menurunkan MFI. Produk komponen otomotif dibuat menggunakan proses cetak tekan. 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| Kategori | Karet |